The Mediterranean is celebrated not only for its crystal-clear seas and breathtaking landscapes but also for its rich culture of olives and olive oil. This age-old tradition has thrived on the abundance and resilience of the olive tree. How about exploring the traces of olive oil in the daily lives and rituals of Mediterranean people?

1. The Sacredness of the Olive Tree in Ancient Mediterranean

In ancient Mediterranean civilizations, the olive tree was considered sacred. In Ancient Greece, it symbolized peace and wisdom and was dedicated to the gods, while during the Roman Empire, olive oil trade held significant economic value. Temples on the island of Delos housed olive oil altars. Olive oil was frequently used in ceremonies and religious rites to honor the gods.

2. Olive Oil and Traditional Ceremonies in the Ottoman Era

In Ottoman cuisine, olive oil was not just a dietary staple but also regarded as a source of healing. Olive oil soaps were integral to traditional hammam rituals, which were seen as both a physical cleansing and a spiritual purification. Additionally, olive oil served as a source of light in oil lamps during the Ottoman period.

3. Rituals at the Mediterranean Table

In Mediterranean cuisines, olive oil is a cornerstone of culinary tradition. In countries like Italy, Greece, and Turkey, it is often presented as a starter ritual at meals. Dipping bread into olive oil symbolizes the warmth and togetherness of sharing a meal. Today, olive oil tasting events further promote this cultural heritage to a broader audience.

4. Olive Oil Harvest Festivals

In the Mediterranean, olive harvesting is more than an agricultural activity—it is a celebration. Events like Turkey’s Zeytin Hasat Günleri (Olive Harvest Days) or Italy’s Festa dell’Olio reflect the respect and love for this sacred tree, transforming the harvest into a communal festivity.

5. The Role of Olive Oil in Modern Culture

Mediterranean culture has spread worldwide, thanks in large part to olive oil. The Mediterranean diet, now a global benchmark for healthy living, features olive oil as its star ingredient. This thousands-of-years-old tradition of olives and olive oil is not just a cultural legacy but a way of life.

The enduring story of olives and olive oil in the Mediterranean highlights its profound connection to history, culture, and well-being. Through its rich tradition, it continues to inspire the world, offering both flavor and vitality.